King George II argued that since the French and Indian War benefited the colonists by securing their borders, they should contribute to paying down the war debt.The Seven years war to the American Colonists centered on the battle for control of the Ohio River Valley and reducing the power of hostile Indian tribes.ĭuring the Seven Year War, the American Colonists fought alongside the British army. The British crown borrowed heavily from British and Dutch bankers to bankroll the war, doubling British national debt. Impact of the Seven Years’ War on the American Revolution The arrangement strengthened the American colonies significantly by removing their European rivals to the north and south and opening the Mississippi Valley to westward expansion. The British received Canada from France and Florida from Spain, but permitted France to keep its West Indian sugar islands and gave Louisiana to Spain. The French and Indian War ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in February 1763. Soon, Spain joined France against England, and for the rest of the war Britain concentrated on seizing French and Spanish territories in other parts of the world. With the fall of Montreal in September 1760, the French lost their last foothold in Canada. James Wolfe won a spectacular victory in the Battle of Quebec on the Plains of Abraham in September of 1759 (though both he and the French commander, the Marquis de Montcalm, were fatally wounded). The British then closed in on Quebec, where Gen. A month later, they took Fort Frontenac at the western end of the river. In July 1758, the British won their first great victory at Louisbourg, near the mouth of the St. READ MORE: How 22-Year-Old George Washington Inadvertently Sparked a World War British Victory in Canada Borrowing heavily to finance the war, he paid Prussia to fight in Europe and reimbursed the colonies for raising troops in North America. The tide turned in 1757 because William Pitt, the new British leader, saw the colonial conflicts as the key to building a vast British empire. In 1756 the British formally declared war (marking the official beginning of the Seven Years’ War), but their new commander in America, Lord Loudoun, faced the same problems as his predecessors and met with little success against the French and their Indian allies. Throughout this period, the British military effort was hampered by lack of interest at home, rivalries among the American colonies and France’s greater success in winning the support of the Indians. In 1755, Governor Shirley, fearing that the French settlers in Nova Scotia (Acadia) would side with France in any military confrontation, expelled hundreds of them to other British colonies many of the exiles suffered cruelly. The Seven Years’ War (called the French and Indian War in the colonies) lasted from 1756 to 1763, forming a chapter in the imperial struggle between Britain and France called the Second Hundred Years’ War. READ MORE: 10 Things You May Not Know About the French and Indian War The French and Indian War: A Summary At the 1763 peace conference, the British received the territories of Canada from France and Florida from Spain, opening the Mississippi Valley to westward expansion. Boosted by the financing of future Prime Minister William Pitt, the British turned the tide with victories at Louisbourg, Fort Frontenac and the French-Canadian stronghold of Quebec. When France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley brought repeated conflict with the claims of the British colonies, a series of battles led to the official British declaration of war in 1756. Impact of the Seven Years’ War on the American RevolutionĪlso known as the Seven Years’ War, this New World conflict marked another chapter in the long imperial struggle between Britain and France.
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